Continuing the WebDriver java concepts category here are a set of simple yet complex terminologies used in webdriver frameworks wrt Java: Private final static attribute vs private final attribute - Static means "associated with the class"; without it, the variable is associated with each instance of the class. If it's static, that means you'll have only one in memory; if not, you'll have one for each instance you create. static means the variable will remain in memory for as long as the class is loaded; without it, the variable can be gc'd when its instance is. In general, static means "associated with the type itself, rather than an instance of the type." That means you can reference a static variable without having ever created an instances of the type, and any code referring to the variable is referring to the exact same data. Compare this with an instance variable: in that case, there's one independent version of the variabl